For ancient Egyptians, black was sacred. It was the colour of the rich, fertile soil of the Nile, of Anubis, guardian of the underworld and the river Acheron, which separated the land of the living from the dead. In Norse and Germanic lore, raven haired Nótt, goddess of night, crossed the skies in a chariot drawn by a horse as black as coal. And Hel - whose skin was on one side red the other, black - ruled over the Kingdom of Darkness. To the Roman Empire, black was a symbol of evil, witchcraft and magic. These associations permeated the following centuries - black was darkness in opposition to light. By the 1300s in Europe, as high-quality black dyes became available, the colour had a cultural revision. Because of sumptuary laws which prohibited anyone other than nobles from wearing certain colours, black became a way for the wealthy to differentiate themselves from the lower classes, and so became associated with wealth, luxury and power. Later, black evolved to symbolise introspection, melancholy and ‘the other’, and was adopted as the colour of the Romantic poets. From the 1950s, black cemented its status as the colour of counter-culture. A symbol of anarchy and social rebellion, it veiled members of subcultures from motorcycle gangs and Beatniks to New Romantics, punks and goths - and it still has powerful associations today. As Henri Matisse once said, “Black is a force”.